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2021-06-02 Other articles >

Money of the Jewish Ghetto, Lodz – May 15, 1940

Eine mark der Litzmannstadt Ghetto


A scary topic... and ambiguous.
1 mark, equal to 100 pfennigs, served the monetary turnover in the territory of the Lodz ghetto-from July 9, 1940 to August 29, 1944.
The Lodz ghetto (Litzmannstadt Ghetto) was the 2nd largest ghetto on the territory of Poland: not only Poles, but also Jews from Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Luxembourg were sent there-in total, about 200,000 people were placed on an area of about 4 square kilometers.
The German administration and police controlled the outer perimeter, and the leadership inside the ghetto was carried out by the Judenrat - the Council of Ghetto Elders, which was headed by Chaim Mordechai Rumkowski, nicknamed 'Chaim the Terrible'by his compatriots.
The ghetto was organized as a labor camp, and the Judenrat had to provide the required supplies for the German army – overcoats, satchels, shoes, backpacks, etc.
To fulfill these tasks, H. M. Rumkowski received great powers from the Germans: the Judenrat had its own police force of 1,200 policemen, and its own newspaper was published in the ghetto. There was even its own post office, through which mail correspondence was received and sent outside with specially printed postage stamps with a portrait of 'Chaim the Terrible'.
The ghetto also had its own money, and-without any Nazi symbols, with the image of the Jewish seven-branched (menorah) and the star of David-according to the design developed by the residents of the ghetto themselves.
The background grid on both sides of the bill resembles barbed wire.
Stamps with a seven – candle and a star of David were issued in exchange for real money, which was withdrawn from those who fell into the ghetto-it was forbidden to have other money in the ghetto: as it was written on the bills themselves, popularly called 'rumki', 'Wer diese quittung verfalscht oder nach. macht oder gefalschte quettungen in verkehr bringt / wird strengthens bestraft'.
The signature of H. M. Rumkowski - on the front side of the bill at the bottom right-emphasized the status of these banknotes.
'Chaim the Terrible' obviously assumed that the organization of effective work for the Germans is the preservation of hope for the salvation of the Jews. However, this did not apply to all Jews: among the powers of the Judenrat was the periodic submission of lists for the deportation of residents of the ghetto in Chelmno for extermination in the gas chambers.On August 28, 1944, when the decision was made to liquidate the Lodz ghetto, Chaim Mordechai Rumkowski, along with his family, was sent to the Auschwitz death camp – a path along which he had previously sent his' rejected ' compatriots.
Bill A No. 366197-in the press: probably the circulation was planned for the long term, but they did not have time to use it.

Деньги еврейского гетто, г. Лодзь – 15 мая 1940 г.

1 марка 1940 г., Лодзинское гетто

Country : Польша
Denomination : 1 марка
Year : 1940
Quantity :
Issuer :
Series :
Valid from :
Valid till :
Cancelled :

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