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Gatalogues
2021-01-20 Other articles >

1 000 of Polish stamps of 1919

Marka polska 1917-1924: from the occupation banknote of the German Reich-to the money of independent Poland


During the occupation of a country by the troops of another state, the monetary circulation of the country inevitably falls under the regulation of the occupation authorities, which must offer the local economy a certain order of monetary settlements, namely: the currency or currencies allowed for domestic circulation and the rates of their mutual exchange.

By the beginning of the 1st World War, the Kingdom of Poland was part of the Russian Empire, and Russian rubles were exchanged for gold in the country's circulation.
The unsuccessful course of military operations for Russia led to the occupation of Poland by the troops of Germany and Austria-Hungary. Initially, the Germans launched into the eastern regions of Poland, as well as in the occupied territories of Western Ukraine, Western Belarus and the Baltic states, the occupation OST-rubles.

However, since 1917, a special version of the occupation money was implemented for the Poles, taking into account their national specifics: The Warsaw General Government, which changed the flag of nationality from Russian to German in 1915, began to issue money under the name Polish stamps.
On the newly appeared hybrids intended for circulation on the territory of Poland, in Polish - but under German dictation - it was written:
'Rzesza Niemiecka przyjmuje odpowiedzialnoze za splate Biletow Kasy Polyczkowej w Markach Niemieckich po cenie nominalnej'
Zarzad jeneral-gubernatorstwa  warszawskiego. 1917

'The German Reich assumes responsibility for paying for tickets at the Polish ticket office in German marks at the nominal price'
The Board of the Warsaw General Government. 1917

In 1917, banknotes were issued in denominations of 1/2, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 1 000 Polish stamps, even a small coin was minted by the Germans in Stuttgart – use it, Poles!

The course of the 1st World War made adjustments to the German plans.
October 6, 1918: the capitulation of Germany, then the independence of Poland was declared and the transfer of all power in the country to Jozef Pilsudski
What happened to the Polish stamps-to be thrown out?

No, Polish stamps continued to be printed and put into circulation, only instead of the Warsaw General Government, they were issued by the Issue Department of the Polish Treasury.
However, the text and image of the independent Poland changed.
'Panstvo polskie bierze na siebie odpowiedzialnosc za wymiane, niniejszego biletuna przyszla walute, polska wedlug stosunku, ktory dla marek polskich uchwali sejm ustawodawszy'.
Dyrekcja polskiej krajowej kasy pozyczkowej Warszawa, dnia 23 sierpnia,1919 roku

'The Polish state assumes responsibility for the exchange of this ticket for the future currency in accordance with the exchange rate that the legislative Sejm will determine for Polish stamps.'
Directorate of the Polish National Credit Fund, August 23, 1919

Regarding the picture: on the front side of the banknote with a face value of 1,000 Polish marks in 1919, General Tadeusz Kosciuszko, the leader of the Polish national uprising of 1794, and before that - a participant in the War of Independence of the United States, whose military services before the American revolution were noted by George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, who personally knew the Pole.

On July 1, 1924, the Polish stamps still went out of circulation, giving way to the Polish zloty-for a long time.
According to its size, my bill I Serja R No. 379763 can be attributed to the 'Large Size Note' – 213 mm x 135 mm, in terms of safety – to AU (About Uncirculated).

1 000 польских марок 1919 г.

1 000 марок 1919 г., Польша

Country : Польша
Denomination : 1000 марка
Year : 1919
Quantity :
Issuer :
Series :
Valid from :
Valid till :
Cancelled :
Alexander R.

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